Interventional Radiology: Venous
Vena Cava Filters

Also called: IVC filters

IVC (inferior vena cava) filters (metal devices) are used to prevent pulmonary emboli (release of dangerous clot to the lungs). IVC filters can be non-surgically placed in the inferior vena cava via a tiny tube (catheter) inserted in the groin (common femoral vein) or neck (internal jugular vein) to catch a clot before it travels to the lung.

Once the IVC filter is released from the catheter, prongs on the end of the filter anchor it to the wall of the inferior vena cava. IVC filters can be useful in those patients with recurrent pulmonary emboli or increased venous thrombosis (clot) while on anticoagulant (blood thinning) medication.

IVC filters may also be helpful in those for whom anticoagulants may be contraindicated to include, those with active or recent hemorrhage, peptic ulcer, alcoholism, malignant tumors or people with severe lung or heart disease, who may not survive a small pulmonary embolus.

Prior to placement of the IVC filter, a venogram procedure is performed to evaluate the diameter of the inferior vena cava. After placement of the IVC filter, venography is used to assess the filter.